g., fluid-attenuated inversion recovery-diffusion-weighted imaging mismatch), should be considered for early-phase trials.”
“Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of indomethacine, montelukast and methylprednisolone in management of experimental otitis media with effusion.
Methods: Forty Wistar albino rats of which the weights ranged between 310 and 370 g were included in this study. Middle ear effusion was created
by transtympanic histamine injection. The presence of effusion was confirmed by otomicroscopic examination. Thirty-seven rats with effusion were divided into 4 groups (methylprednisolone, montelukast, indomethacine and saline-control groups). All agents were administered for a period of consecutive 10 days. At the 11th days of administration, AZD9291 nmr the recovery of effusion was confirmed by otomicroscopic examination. Tympanic bullae of the rats were removed and histopathological examinations were carried out. In the histopathological examination, the neutrophil leukocytes accumulated in the middle ear submucosa were counted.
Results: The mean numbers of submucosal neutrophils in the methylprednisolone, montelukast, indomethacine, and saline groups were 24.6 +/- 8.1, 54.1 +/- 6.2, 52.3 +/- 7.3, 55.7 +/- 8.3, respectively. The otomicroscopic recovery Belnacasan concentration rates of effusion in the methylprednisolone, montelukast, indomethacine, and saline groups were 18/18 (100%),
8/18 (44%), 2/14 (14%), 2/18 (11%) respectively.
Conclusions: Methylprednisolone and montelukast ameliorate the middle ear effusion. However, only methylprednisolone reduces the submucosal infiltration of the neutrophil leukocytes which are the most evident cell of inflammatory process. Montelukast is effective
in the resolution of experimental otitis media with effusion. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Introduction: X-ray based digital CX-6258 subtraction angiography (DSA) is a common clinical imaging method for vascular morphology and function. Coronary artery characterization is one of its most important applications. We show that bi-plane DSA of rat coronary arteries can provide a powerful imaging tool for translational safety assessment in drug discovery. Methods: A novel, dual tube/detector system, constructed explicitly for preclinical imaging, supports image acquisition at 10 frames/s with 88-micron spatial resolution. Ventilation, x-ray exposure, and contrast injection ate all precisely synchronized using a biological sequence controller implemented as a LabVIEW application. A set of experiments were performed to test and optimize the sampling and image quality. We applied the DSA imaging protocol to record changes in the visualization of coronaries and myocardial perfusion induced by a vasodilator drug, nitroprusside. The drug was infused into a tail vein catheter using a peristaltic infusion pump at a rate of 0.07 mL/h for 3 min (dose: 0.