(1) For qualitative SEM evaluation, dentin of 18 second primary molars (n = 3/method) was treated with either diamond bur as a control (group 1a: 40 mu m diamond bur only (clinical situation); group 1b: grinding + 40 mu m diamond bur) or with Er:YAG laser (group 2a (clinical situation, manufacturer’s settings): 200 mJ/25 Hz (5 W) + 100 mJ/35 Hz (3.5 W) laser only; group 2b (experimental setting “”high”"): grinding + 400 mJ/20 Hz (8 W); group 2c AZD1480 purchase (manufacturer’s setting “”finishing”"): grinding + 100 mJ/35 Hz (3.5 W); group 2d (experimental setting “”low”"): grinding + 50 mJ/35 Hz (1.75 W)).

(2) For evaluation of adhesive performance, 64 second primary molars were divided into four groups and treated as described for group 1b and groups 2b/c/d (n = 16/method), MAPK inhibitor and mu TBS of Clearfil SE/Clearfil Majesty Esthetic to dentin was measured. The SEM micrographs were qualitatively analyzed. The mu TBS values were compared with a Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level was set at alpha = 0.05. SEM micrographs showed the typical micromorphologies with a smear layer for the diamond

bur groups and open dentin tubules for all laser-treated groups. However, in group 2d, the laser beam had insufficiently irradiated the dentin area, rendering the underlying ground surface partly visible. There were no statistically significant differences between mu TBS values of the four groups (p = 0.394). This suggests that Er:YAG laser treatment of dentin of primary molars provides bond strengths similar to those obtained following diamond bur treatment.”
“Objective: Cerebral hyperperfusion BAY 63-2521 purchase syndrome is a preventable cause of stroke after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). It manifests as headache, seizures, hemiparesis or coma due to raised intracranial pressure or intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). There is currently no consensus on whether to control blood pressure, blood pressure thresholds

associated with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, choice of anti-hypertensive agent(s) or duration of treatment.

Method: A systematic review of the PubMed database (1963-2010) was performed using appropriate search terms according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results: A total of 36 studies were identified as fitting a priori inclusion criteria. Following CEA, the incidence of severe hypertension was 19%, that of cerebral hyperperfusion 1% and ICH 0.5%. The postoperative mean systolic blood pressure of patients, who went on to develop cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, was 164 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) 150-178 mmHg) and the cumulative incidence of cases rose appreciably above a postoperative systolic blood pressure of 150 mmHg. The mean systolic blood pressure of cerebral hyperperfusion cases was 189 mmHg (95% CI 183-196 mmHg) at presentation.